Jian ware tea bowl with metal rim

With metal rim.
Clay: coarse, reddish brown stoneware, fired almost black.
Glaze: thick, black, ferruginous, closely streaked with silvery iridescence, rusty brown near rim.

Historical period(s)
Southern Song dynasty, 12th-13th century
Medium
Stoneware with black iron glaze, "hare's fur" texture
Style
Jian ware
Dimensions
H x W: 7.1 x 12.4 cm (2 13/16 x 4 7/8 in)
Geography
China, Fujian province, Jianyang country, Jian kilns
Credit Line
Purchase — Charles Lang Freer Endowment
Collection
Freer Gallery of Art
Accession Number
F1952.9
On View Location
Currently not on view
Classification(s)
Ceramic, Vessel
Type

Tea bowl

Keywords
China, iridescence, Jian ware, Southern Song dynasty (1127 - 1279), stoneware, tea
Provenance

To 1952
Howard Hollis & Co., Cleveland, Ohio. [1]

From 1952
Freer Gallery of Art, purchased from Howard Hollis & Co., Cleveland, Ohio. [2]

Notes:

[1] Curatorial Remark 1 in the object record.

[2] See note 1.

Previous Owner(s) and Custodian(s)

Howard Hollis and Company

Description

With metal rim.
Clay: coarse, reddish brown stoneware, fired almost black.
Glaze: thick, black, ferruginous, closely streaked with silvery iridescence, rusty brown near rim.

Label

Dark-glazed, dark-bodied bowls from the Jian-ware kilns in northern Fujian Province first entered Japan in the early 13th century, brought back by Japanese Zen monks who had learned the custom of drinking whipped powdered tea during their years of study at Chinese monasteries. Fujian was a center for tea plantations, and the dark, deep-sided, thick-walled bowls from the local kilns were considered without equal for keeping the tea warm after it was prepared directly in the bowl, by whipping a spoonful of powder in boiling water using a bamboo whisk, and for accentuating the fresh green color of the beverage. Japanese called the bowls Temmoku after one of the major monasteries that trained Japanese monks, Tianmushan, in Zhejiang Province. 

The beautiful feathery texture that sometimes developed in the glaze of Temmoku bowls was known as "hare's fur."  Since the iron-rich glaze tended to run, leaving the rim bare, owners often had the rough edge covered with a band of gold, silver, brass, or copper.

Published References
  • Oriental Ceramics: The World's Great Collections. 12 vols., Tokyo. vol. 10, pl. 20.
  • Martin P. Amt, Rob Barnard. In Praise of Feet. vol. 18, no. 2 Shelburne Falls, Massachusetts, June 1990. p. 23.
Collection Area(s)
Chinese Art
Web Resources
Google Cultural Institute
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